atuВестник Алматинского технологического университетаThe Journal of Almaty Technological University2304-568X2710-0839АО "АТУ"10.48184/2304-568X-2026-2-214-223atu-2931Research ArticleТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ТЕКСТИЛЯ И ОДЕЖДЫ, ДИЗАЙНTEXTILE AND CLOTHING TECHNOLOGY, DESIGNИсследование технологии формирования гидрофобных и олеофильных свойств текстильных материаловInvestigation of the technology for forming hydrophobic and oleophilic properties of textile materialshttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-0524-8855ДаукеноваА. Б.DaukenovaA. B.

050012, г. Алматы, ул. Толе би 100

050012, Almaty, Tole bi st., 100

aidana_-_2000@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-2001ДжуринскаяИ. М.JurinskayaI. M.

050012, г. Алматы, ул. Толе би 100

050012, Almaty, Tole bi st., 100

indi_06.79@mail.ruАлматинский технологический университетКазахстанAlmaty Technological UniversityKazakhstan2026190620261522214223Copyright © Даукенова А.Б., Джуринская И.М., 20262026Даукенова А.Б., Джуринская И.М.Daukenova A.B., Jurinskaya I.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://atu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2931

Тема исследования направлена на создание гидрофобных и олеофильных текстильных материалов на основе хлопчатобумажных и смешанных тканей. Основная цель работы - разработка эффективного метода химической модификации текстильных волокон для повышения их гидрофобности и олеофильности, что позволит решить проблему недостаточной сорбционной способности и ограниченной функциональности существующих текстильных материалов при очистке воды от нефтяного загрязнения. В ходе исследования были изучены методы обработки тканей силикатом натрия и метилсиликонатом калия, которые позволяют контролировать гидрофобность и олеофильность материалов. Научная значимость работы заключается в расширении знаний о возможности целенаправленного изменения поверхностных свойств текстильных волокон и влиянии химических модификаций на сорбционные характеристики. Практическая значимость выражается в создании функциональных текстильных материалов, пригодных для очистки воды от нефтяного загрязнения и создания экологически чистых сорбентов. Методология исследования оценивала химическую обработку тканей, способность отталкивать воду и масло, их влагопоглощающие и поверхностно-влагостойкие свойства, а также способность поглощать нефтепродукты. Основные результаты показали, что обработка текстильных изделий значительно повышает ее гидрофобность и олеофильность, тогда как хлопчатобумажные ткани демонстрируют наибольшую эффективность. Установлена связь между концентрацией модификатора и сорбционными свойствами материала. Полученные результаты подтверждают управляемость процесса модификации и позволяют применять разработанные материалы в промышленности. Вклад работы заключается в разработке нового метода получения функциональных текстильных сорбентов с регулируемыми свойствами, имеющих значение для экологии и промышленности.

The research topic is aimed at creating hydrophobic and oleophilic textile materials based on cotton and mixed fabrics. The main goal of the work is to develop an effective method of chemical modification of textile fibers to increase their hydrophobicity and oleophilicity, which will solve the problem of insufficient sorption capacity and limited functionality of existing textile materials when treating water from oil pollution. In the course of the study, methods for processing fabrics with sodium silicate and potassium methylsiliconate were studied, which made it possible to control the hydrophobicity and oleophilicity of materials. The scientific significance of the work is to expand knowledge about the possibility of purposefully changing the surface properties of textile fibers and the effect of chemical modification on sorption characteristics. Practical importance is manifested in the creation of functional textile materials suitable for water purification from oil pollution and the creation of environmentally friendly sorbents. The research methodology evaluated the chemical treatment of fabrics, the ability to push water and oil, their moisture absorption and surface wetting resistance properties and the ability to absorb petroleum products.  The main results showed that the processing of textile products significantly increases its hydrophobicity and oleophilicity, and cotton fabrics show the highest efficiency. A relationship is established between the concentration of the modifier and the sorption properties of the material. The results obtained confirm the controllability of the modification process and allow the developed materials to be used in industry. The contribution of the work is the development of a new method for obtaining functional textile sorbents with regulated properties that are important for ecology and industry.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.