atuВестник Алматинского технологического университетаThe Journal of Almaty Technological University2304-568X2710-0839АО "АТУ"10.48184/2304-568X-2026-2-242-247atu-3184Research ArticleТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ТЕКСТИЛЯ И ОДЕЖДЫ, ДИЗАЙНTEXTILE AND CLOTHING TECHNOLOGY, DESIGNЦеллюлозные текстильные материалы с супергидрофобными свойствамиCellulose textile materials with superhydrophilic propertieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1467-5354БуркибайА.BurkitbayA.

050012, г. Алматы, ул. Толе би 100

050012, Almaty, Tole bi st., 100

asemka76@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-8317-380XАбусейтоваБ. А.AbuseitovaA. B.

050012, г. Алматы, ул. Толе би 100

050012, Almaty, Tole bi st., 100

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2827-4850ДошибековаА. Б.DoshibekovaA. B.

050012, г. Алматы, ул. Толе би 100

050012, Almaty, Tole bi st., 100

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1154-4313ОрмановаМ. А.OrmanovaM. A.

050012, г. Алматы, ул. Толе би 100

050012, Almaty, Tole bi st., 100

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1903-9055РашидоваБ. Р.RashidovaB. R.

050012, г. Алматы, ул. Толе би 100

050012, Almaty, Tole bi st., 100

Алматинский технологический университетКазахстанAlmaty Technological UniversityKazakhstan2026190620261522242247Copyright © Буркибай А., Абусейтова Б.А., Дошибекова А.Б., Орманова М.А., Рашидова Б.Р., 20262026Буркибай А., Абусейтова Б.А., Дошибекова А.Б., Орманова М.А., Рашидова Б.Р.Burkitbay A., Abuseitova A.B., Doshibekova A.B., Ormanova M.A., Rashidova B.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://atu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/3184

В качестве объектов исследования были выбраны ткани из хлопка, льна и вискозного волокна. Подготовлены образцы ткани размером 20×20 см. С целью придания гидрофобных свойств тканям на основе золь гель технологии была приготовлена композиция из раствора силиката натрия (в соотношении силикат натрия:вода / 1:2). Для создания кислой среды в раствор добавили 5 мл уксусной кислоты. Обработанные образцы сушили в термошкафу при температуре 80 °C в течение 15 минут. Затем образцы обрабатывали в растворе полиметилсилоксана (в концентрации 20 – 40 мл/л), после чего подвергали отжиму и сушке, а затем термообработке при температуре 120 °C в течение 1 минуты. Образцы, обработанные силикатом натрия и полиметилсилоксаном, сохраняли хорошие гидрофобные свойства даже после влажной обработки. Гидрофобность целлюлозных текстильных материалов определяли с помощью пенетрометра в соответствии с стандартом ISO 811-2021. В различных условиях этот показатель для обработанных тканей превышал 100 мм водяного столба. При проверке устойчивости поверхности ткани к смачиванию методом распыления (по стандарту ISO 4920) обработанные образцы оценивались на 4 – 5 баллов, что объясняется присутствием небольших капель на поверхности образца. Для необработанных тканей этот показатель составил 0 баллов, то есть обе стороны образца полностью намокли. Показатели воздухопроницаемости целлюлозных текстильных материалов, обработанных предложенной композицией, соответствуют нормативным требованиям.

Fabrics made of cotton, flax and viscose fiber were chosen as objects of research. Samples of 20×20 cm were prepared. In order to give hydrophobic properties to fabrics based on sol-gel technology, a composition was prepared from a solution of sodium silicate (in the ratio of sodium silicate:water / 1:2). To create an acidic environment, 5 ml of acetic acid was added to the solution. The treated samples were dried in a thermal oven at 80 °C for 15 minutes. The samples were then treated with a solution of polymethylsiloxane (at a concentration of 20-40 ml/L), followed by pressing and drying, and then heat treatment at 120 °C for 1 minute. Samples treated with sodium silicate and polymethylsiloxane retained good hydrophobic properties even after wet processing. The hydrophobicity of cellulose textile materials was determined using a penetrometer in accordance with the ISO 811-2021 standard. Under various conditions, this value exceeded 100 mm of water pressure for the treated fabrics. When testing the resistance of the fabric surface to wetting by spraying (according to the ISO 4920 standard), the treated samples were rated at 4 to 5 points, which is due to the presence of small droplets on the surface of the sample. For untreated fabrics, this value was 0 points, indicating that both sides of the sample were completely wet. The air permeability of the cellulose textile materials treated with the proposed composition meets the regulatory requirements.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.